The Internet: The Largest Network of All

With the meteoric rise in demand for connectivity, the Internet has become a major communications highway for millions of users. It is a decentralized system of linked networks that are worldwide in scope. It facilitates data communication services such as remote log-in, file transfer, electronic mail, the World Wide Web and newsgroups. It consists of independent hosts of computers that can designate which Internet services to use and which of their local services to make available to the global community.

Initially restricted to military and academic institutions, the Internet now operates on a three-level hierarchy composed of backbone networks, mid-level networks and stub networks. It is a full-fledged conduit for any and all forms of information and commerce. Internet websites now provide personal, educational, political and economic resources to virtually any point on the planet.

Intranet: A Secure Internet-like Network for Organizations

With advancements in browser-based software for the Internet, many private organizations have implemented intranets. An intranet is a private network utilizing Internet-type tools, but available only within that organization. For large organizations, an intranet provides easy access to corporate information for designated employees.

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Education of India Part 2

History [ edit ] Main article: History of education in South Asia The remnants of the library of Nalanda , built in the 5th century BCE by Gupta kings . It was rebuilt twice after invasion, first after an invasion from the Huns in the 5th century BCE and then after an invasion from the Gaudas in the 7th century CE but abandoned after the third invasion by Turkic invaders in the 12th century. Takshasila (in modern-day Pakistan) was the earliest recorded centre of higher learning in India from possibly 8th century BCE, and it is debatable whether it could be regarded a university or not in modern sense, since teachers living there may not have had official membership of particular colleges, and there did not seem to have existed purpose-built lecture halls and residential quarters in Taxila, in contrast to the later Nalanda university in eastern India. Nalanda was the oldest university-system of education in the world in the modern sense of university. There al

Save a Workbook in another File Format

Save a Workbook in another File Format When you save an Excel 2013 Workbook, by default it saves in the .xlsx format. Excel 2013 supports saving in other formats, but whenever you save a workbook in another file format, some of its formatting, data, and features might not be saved. File Formats (File Types) that are supported in Excel 2013 − Excel File Formats Text File Formats Other File Formats Excel File Formats Format Extension Description Excel Workbook .xlsx The default XML-based file format for Excel 2007-2013. Cannot store Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) macro code or Microsoft Office Excel 4.0 macro sheets (.xlm). Strict Open XML Spreadsheet .xlsx An ISO strict version of the Excel Workbook file format (.xlsx). Excel Workbook (code) .xlsm The XML-based and macro-enabled file format for Excel 2007-2013. Stores VBA macro code or Excel 4.0 macro sheets (.xlm) Excel Binary Workbook .xlsb The binary file format (BIFF12) for Excel 2007-2013. Template .xltx The defa

Change in Charts Group

Change in Charts Group The Charts Group on the Ribbon in MS Excel 2013 looks as follows − You can observe that − The subgroups are clubbed together. A new option ‘Recommended Charts’ is added. Let us create a chart. Follow the steps given below. Step 1 − Select the data for which you want to create a chart. Step 2 − Click on the Insert Column Chart icon as shown below. When you click on the Insert Column chart , types of 2-D Column Charts , and 3-D Column Charts are displayed. You can also see the option of More Column Charts . Step 3 − If you are sure of which chart you have to use, you can choose a Chart and proceed. If you find that the one you pick is not working well for your data, the new Recommended Charts command on the Insert tab helps you to create a chart quickly that is just right for your data. Chart Recommendations Let us see the options available under this heading. (use another word for heading) Step 1 − Select the Data from the worksheet. Step 2 − C

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